Brush



April 7, 1942- L. C. HEROLD 7 2,278,928

BRUSH,

Filed April 17, 1939 P20 (K; v

lBa. 9 3 23 I90. FIG-'7 INVENTOR LAWRENCE C. HEROLD ATTORNEYS r Patented Apr. 7, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BRUSH Lawrence 0. Harold, Lakewood, Ohio Application April 17, 1939, Serial No. 268,199

I v '1 Claims. (oi s-19s) This invention relates to improvements in brushes.

This application is a continuation in part of my copending application Serial No. 36,548 filed August 16,1935.

My improved form of bristle construction is shown herewith as applied to a rotary brush adapted to be used on a rotatable arbor or the like but my invention is not necessarily so limited. In fact the bristle construction here shown might be applied to a cup shaped brush such as is shown in my above named copending application and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other forms of my invention are possible and in fact I contemplate that it might be applied to hand brushes if desired.

My invention contemplates the formation of knots of bristles wherein a plurality of bristles are looped about a ring or other holding means and then the sides or halves'of the loop are bound together both for the purpose of securing the loop to the holding means and for the purpose of controlling the stifiness of the bundle of bristles as desired.

In one form of the invention a ring encircles the two sides of the loop close to the holding means so as to bind the loop to the holding,

means while letting the ends of the bristles spread freely outwardly therefrom.

In another form of my improved device a plurality of binding rings may secure the sides of the loop together spaced along the length of the bristle knot as required for the purpose of uniting the bristles in a semi-compact bundle.

Another form of my device utilizes a wire to bind the sides of the loop together more or less continuously and tightly throughout a major portion of the length of the bristle knot. By varying the wrapping of this wire I can control the compactness and stiffness of the bristle knot so formed.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent from the accompanying drawing and description and the essential features thereof will be set forth in the claims.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a partial plan view showing a brush section adapted for use in a rotary brush with side plate mountings; Figs. 2 and 3 are partial plan views of other forms of holding or mounting means for the bristle knots composing a ring of bristles; Figs. 4 and 5 are enlarged views of a bristle knot of the type shown in Figs. 1 to 8 wherein the binding means fastening the sides of the bristle loop to each other is confined to a single-ring'located close to the are made and regardless of the form of brush mounting used for holding the bristles. For illustrative purposes I have shown my invention as applied to rotary brushes but I do not desire to be so limited in the application of the principles disclosed herein.

Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 10 illustrate brush sections adapted for use either alone or in connection with similar'sections where they are'mounted upon a rotating arbor for application to the Work. The form shown in Figs.-1 and 10 comprises a pair of side'plate mountings i I and I2 and a bristle ring clampingly secured between the side plates. Any suitable mountingmay be utilized but a preferred form is that illustrated in which portions Ha of one of the metal plate members are struck up from the plane of the plate and bent over upon the other plate 12 in a manner to clampingly secure the plates on opposite sides of the bristle ring. These clamping portions may bestruck up from one side plate mounting alone or other portions may be struck up from the plate l2 as at I20. and clampingly secured upon the plate 11.

'In- Fig. 2 I have shown a metal plate l3 having an opening at l3a for mounting upon' an arbor or-the like. Near its rim this plate is provided with the slotted openings 131) through which the loops of bristles are passed.

Fig. 3 represents another form of mounting similar to Fig. 2 wherein the plate has a central opening Ma for mounting upon an arbor and near its rim the plate has a plurality of drilled holes Mb each of which receives one of the bristle knots.

In Figs. 1, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10 the bristles are looped about a central Wire ring l5 which may have its ends suitably secured together as for instance by Welding, to make a single continuous ring. In Fig. 6 I have shown a flat metal ring I6 which would be of continuous annular form. My invention includes the use of plates I 3 and M or of rings 15 and 16 as holdingmeans for the bristle knots or any other suitable holding means about which the bristle material may be looped.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a plurality of bristles l'l looped about the holding ring IS with the two halves of the loop extending away from the ring l5 in the same direction. A ring iii of wire adapted to take a permanent set firmly binds the two sides of the loop together closely adjacent the ring I5 so as to secure the bristle knot to the ring 15. If the bristles I! are of crimped wire having spring steel characteristics then the ring I8 will readily remain in position without other securing means. However if the bristles are of straight wire then I find it preferable to tie the ring It to the holding means l5 in some suitable manner. In Fig. 5 I have shown an end [8a of the ring l8 looped around the ring l5 so as to hold the ring H3 in place against slipping radially outwardly along the knot.

In Fig. 6 I have shown a manner of increasing the stiffness of the bristle knot by using a plurality of rings l9 spaced along the knot from the ring l6 outwardly. These rings l9 might well be of the same form shown at l8. However I have illustrated a split ring more clearly shown in Fig. '7 which is an annular metal ring out at an angle to the radius as at Illa somewhat after the fashion of a hog ring. As many of these rings L! as necessary may be clipped around the bristle knot indicated at 20 so as to bind the individual bristles into a more or less compact bundle. At 2| I have indicated the end of the bristle knot as flaring somewhat and it will be understood that the amount of flare and hence the flexibility of the ends of the bristles is controlled by the spacing of the outermost ring 19 inwardly from the ends of the bristles. By spacing this last ring l9 farther inwardly from the ends of the bristles more of the bristle may be left flexible to engage the work. During the use of a brush using the type of bristle knot shown in Fig. 6, as the bristles become worn down to a point near a ring I9, the brush may be redressed by simply taking a pair of pliers and removing the outermost ring l9. This will permit the brush to flare again as shown at 22 giving a brush again having the desired flexibility of bristle.

Another manner of binding the bristle knot is shown in Figs. 8, 9 and In Fig. 8 a wire 23 of metal adapted to take a permanent set, such for instance as steel spring wire. is wrapped about the bristle knot 24 which as before comprises a plurality of bristles looped about the ring l5. The two sides of the loop are then bound together by wrapping the wire 23 about them. Preferably this wire has its end portion 23a looped about the ring l5 to hold the wire 23 in place analogous to the similar structure of Fig. 5. If the wire 23 is wrapped loosely about the bundle of bristles stopping short of the end of the bundle then a fair amount of stiffness is given to the bristle knot with the amount of flare and flexibility at 24a as desired.

If a stiffer knot is desired the construction of Fi 9 may be employed. Here a wire 25 of similar characteristics to 23 has its mid portion 25a looped about the ring l5 and then the two ends of the wire are coiled about the halves of the bristle knot. This wraps the bristles more tightly than the construction shown in Fig, 8 and hence gives a bristle knot having greater stifiness.

In Fig. 10 a maximum stiffness is acquired by looping the wire 26 of spring steel characteristic about the ring and then wrapping the wire 26 closely and evenly about the bristle knot 21 clear out to the end thereof.

It is obvious that in the forms shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 the wires 23, 25 and 26 will wear down gradually as the brush is used.

I find that a brush constructed using the bristle knots of Figs. 8, 9 and 10 gives a greater scouring action than similar brushes having individual bristles substantially unsupported beyond the side plate mountings and that my improved brush has a greatly increased Working life over the brushes having individual bristles not bound in compact bundles as I have shown them. I believe the advantageous features resulting in the use of bristle knots as shown is due to the fact that the bristles are held in a compact group at the point where they engage the work and being held there by the centrifugal force of the rotating member they thus exert a powerful scouring effect. That they do not break off so rapidly under severe working conditions I believe is due to the fact that only a short unsupported length of bristle is engaged with the Work and very little vibration effect is set up.

The bristles shown in the various views need not necessarily be of steel wire as it is obvious that my novel securing means may be utilized for bristles of any type.

In the fabrication of these brushes in quantity 1 may form a plurality of bristle knots such as those shown in Figs. 4 to 10 along a straight rodlike member and portions of these rod-like members of suitable length may then be cut ofi and assembled in brush mountings, the rods being bent to conform to the type of mounting as desired. In such a case the ring member of Fig. 1 might be formed by welding together the ends of the rod 15 after bending the same to a circle but it will be understood that any of the forms of the brush might utilize preformed rings or plates placing the knots thereon afterward.

What I claim is: y

l. A brush comprising a mounting, a plurality of bristle knots secured to said mounting, each knot comprising a plurality of wires, and at least one wire of spring steel quality binding the wires of each knot in a compact bundle throughout the effective working length thereof,

2. A rotary brush comprising two side plate mounting members, a bristle ring clampingly secured between said mounting members, and said bristle ring comprising a ring member and a plurality of bristle knots secured thereto, each knot comprising a plurality of wires looped about said ring member and at least one wire adapted to take a permanent set and wrapped about said other wires in a manner to bind them in a compact bundle.

3. A brush comprising bristle knot holding means, a plurality of bristle knots, each knot comprising a plurality of wires secured to said means, and a wire having spring steel characteristics wrapped about the wires of each knot in a manner to bind the wires thereof in a tight bundle throughout the entire length of the knot.

4. A brush comprising bristle knot holding means, a plurality of bristle knots, each knot comprising a plurality of bristles secured to said means, and a wire adapted to take a permanent set wrapped about the bristles of each knot from said holding means outwardly for a portion of the working length of the knot in a manner to bind the bristles thereof in a bundle throughout the wrapped length of the knot.

I cated bristle knot holding means, bristle knots extending outwardly therefrom, each knot comprising a plurality of bristles looped about said holding means, and a. ring binding the sides of said loop together adjacent said holding means and outwardly therefrom, whereby to secure said knot tightly to said holding means while permitting the bristles to flare freely outwardly therefrom, said ring being provided with means securing it to said holding means.

LAWRENCE C. HEROLD. 

